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Ketamine for OCD

People diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may experience anxiety without any seemingly apparent reason.  OCD is considered a type of anxiety disorder that has two main components as its name suggests:  obsessions and compulsions.  People with OCD experience unwanted, intrusive, compelling,and distressing thoughts, images, or urges (obsessions), which lead to repetitive behaviors or mental acts aimed at reducing the anxiety or preventing a feared outcome (compulsions).

OCD often interferes with daily life and can become time-consuming and distressing.  It is important to note that having occasional and mild obsessions or compulsive tendencies does not necessarily indicate a diagnosis of OCD.  For a diagnosis of OCD, these symptoms must be severe, persistent, and cause significant impairment in the person’s functioning or well-being.  As with any mental health disorder, a professional medical or mental health provider should assess and diagnose an individual.

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Ketamine Has Shown Promising Results in Treating OCD

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Ketamine therapy has shown to be an effective treatment for OCD as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression that is typically co-morbid with OCD. Ketamine has been found to promote neuroplasticity, which facilitates the repair of damaged neural connections, restructuring on damaged brain structures, and the formation of new synaptic connections in the brain. All of these properties of ketamine helps rewire dysfunctional neural connections that contribute to OCD symptoms.

What Are the US Statistics for OCD

Understanding OCD

OCD is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurring thoughts, ideas, or obsessions that trigger compulsive and/or repetitive behavior. Individuals respond to their anxiety by performing compulsive rituals, such as repetitive cleaning or organizing things in a certain way. This behavior provides temporary relief, but the irrational cycle oftentimes continues.

Signs and symptoms may include anxiety, panic attacks, ritualistic behaviors, repeated thoughts and behaviors, and obsessive hoarding. These behaviors are often centered around specific fears or beliefs, such as contamination or superstitions of harm of oneself or loved ones.

OCD symptoms differ from person to person in terms of the types of beliefs and behaviors, but also in intensity and frequency. Some experience symptoms in childhood, while others develop them later in life. Traumatic experiences may lead to the development of OCD, but many times, causes may be unknown.

Obsessions Are Persistent

Obsessions are characterized by intrusive and irrational thoughts that continuously occupy one’s mind.  Obsessions are persistent and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that cause significant anxiety and distress.  They can also manifest as compulsive behaviors that one feels the need to repeat over and over again.  Despite being aware that these thoughts and behaviors are irrational, individuals often are unable to stop because they often believe the obsession holds some truth.  People with OCD often try to suppress or ignore these obsessions, but they find it difficult or impossible to do so, leading to heightened anxiety.

Common obsessions associated with OCD include the need for objects to be arranged in a specific way, anxiety related to thoughts of harming oneself or others, fear of germs or dirt, concern about symmetry, order, or exactness, as well as unwanted or forbidden sexual or aggressive thoughts.  Additionally, individuals may experience anxiety with respect to safety, such as the house catching on fire, contracting an illness, or an intruder breaking in.

Compulsions Are Repetitive

Compulsions refer to repetitive or ritualistic behaviors that are compelld by an individual’s obsession. These actions are usually aimed at reducing the anxiety or preventing a feared outcome associated with the obsession. Common compulsions associated with OCD include excessive hand washing or cleaning, repeating specific actions or rituals, continuously repeating words or phrases, arranging objects in a specific order until satisfied, and checking behaviors (i.e., repeatedly checking locks, doors, the stove, etc). Compulsions are typically not logically connected to the feared event but are performed as an attempt to prevent the obsession from coming true.

Conventional Treatments of OCD

OCD can cause distress for people, while others learn to live with it. However, many individuals seek out OCD treatments to alleviate their symptoms and attempt to change their beliefs and behaviors. Traditional treatments for OCD typically involve a combination of therapy and medication.

Individual and group psychotherapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

Systematic
desensitization

Prescription medications such as SSRIs and other antidepress

OCD is characterized by persistent high anxiety levels, making symptom reduction a primary focus of treatment.  While various therapies are commonly employed for severe cases of OCD, traditional approaches may not be effective for everyone.   For those who do not experience relief from standard therapies, alternative treatments like Ketamine for OCD have shown promise and may offer a potential solution.

“IV ketamine can rapidly reduce obsessions in unmedicated OCD patients and advance the growing literature of enhancing CBT with agents that facilitate extinction learning…The data suggest that a brief course of CBT may help some individuals maintain the improvement they experienced from ketamine”

Rodriguez CI, Wheaton M, Zwerling J, Steinman SA, Sonnenfeld D, Galfalvy H, Simpson HB. Can exposure-based CBT extend the effects of intravenous ketamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder? an open-label trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2016 Mar;77(3):408-9. doi: 10.4088/JCP.15l10138. PMID: 27046314; PMCID: PMC5544939.

Ketamine Treatment Options for OCD

AVYIA offers 3 ketamine programs that patients can choose from to treat their OCD.  Each program starts with a free telehealth evaluation for a medical intake, assessment, and eligibility.  One of doctors or providers will then visit you at home to facilitate the ketamine treatment of choice.  Follow-up are always over telehealth and/or in the comfort of your home where a provider visits.

Intravenous (IV) Infusion:  This is the most common and widely studied method of ketamine administration.  In IV ketamine therapy, a controlled dose of ketamine is delivered directly into the bloodstream.  The infusion takes 40 minutes for most patients, and the effects are felt relatively quickly.

Intranasal Spray:  Ketamine can also be administered through the nasal passage as a nasal spray.  Intranasal ketamine is often prescribed for who prefer an alternative to the intravenous route.

Microdosing Oral tablets:  This option is a daily regime taken in oral form.  Rapid dissolving tablets of ketamine is designed to be absorbed sublingually or under the tongue.  This treatment program generally takes a little while longer to complete than the IV or intranasal program, but symptom relief may still be rapidly achieved, typically in the first days to a week of starting treatment.

Microdosing tablet (transparent)

Microdosing Tablet

$125 per Month / $4 per Daily Dose
Telehealth, Follow-ups, and Medication

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intravenous-iv-ketamine

IV Infusion

6 treatments in 2-3 weeks / $3000 for 6 dosing sessions
Includes Telehealth, 6 home visits and medication

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Ketamine-nosal_spray-removebg-preview

Intranasal Spray

8 treatments in 4 weeks / $3600 for 8 dosing sessions
Includes Telehealth, 8 home visits and medication

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How Does Ketamine Treat OCD?

Ketamine therapy for OCD is a highly sought-after alternative treatment for a good reason.  In contrast to more conventional treatments like psychotherapy and prescription medicine, it has been discovered that intravenous ketamine therapy can help OCD patients see benefits much faster.  Ketamine-assisted therapy can be especially beneficial for those people who have tried traditional treatments with less than optimal results.

While medication and therapy can help manage OCD symptoms, many patients dislike the side effects of SSRIs or the idea of relying on medication for extended or indefinite periods of time.  Ketamine is different.  Many studies have report significant OCD symptom improvement with ketamine therapy after only one session.  Multiple treatment sessions have yielded long and lasting results for most.  Low-dose ketamine infusions have been found to be particularly effective in alleviating anxiety and low mood, reducing compulsive behaviors and obsessive thoughts associated with OCD.  After completing a course of ketamine treatment, exposure therapy can help patients regain a higher level of functioning and develop healthier routines to manage their everyday lives.

“There were three main findings. (1) Participants receiving ketamine first showed significant rapid reduction in obsessions during the infusion that persisted until 1-week post-infusion compared with participants receiving placebo first. (2) Half of participants receiving ketamine first met treatment response criteria at 1-week post-infusion. (3) There were significant carryover effects suggesting that ketamine’s effects on OCD symptoms last longer than previously reported.”

Rodriguez, C. I., Kegeles, L. S., Levinson, A., Feng, T., Marcus, S. M., Vermes, D., Flood, P., & Simpson, H. B. (2013). Randomized controlled crossover trial of ketamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Proof-of-concept. Neuropsychopharmacology, 38(12), 2475–2483. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.150

How Does Ketamine Work to Treat OCD?

Ketamine in several ways.  First, regulates the neurotransmitter glutamate in the nervous system, on NMDA receptor. This is then thought to result in relearning maladaptive behaviors and cognitive functions associated with OCD.  Second, research suggests that Ketamine promotes neuroplasticity, which is the brain’s ability to change, grow, and reorganize neural pathways. This is done by targeting pathways such as mTOR, eEF2 kinase inhibition, and BDNF synthesis.  Many experts believe the psychedelic and dissociative effects of ketamine are also responsible for neuroplasticity promotion.  The end result is the resetting of your brain’s mental and emotional state.

Unfortunately for those suffering from OCD, other mental health disorders are commonly experienced, such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, impulse control disorder.  Ketamine treats all of these disorder as well and should strongly be considered as a first-line treatment if individuals suffer from multiple disorders.

“This study suggests that (R)-ketamine rapidly ameliorates the decreased spine density in the mPFC and hippocampus of CSDS-susceptible mice, resulting in its rapid-acting antidepressant effects.”

Zhang J, Qu Y, Chang L, Pu Y, Hashimoto K. (R)-Ketamine Rapidly Ameliorates the Decreased Spine Density in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Susceptible Mice After Chronic Social Defeat Stress. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019 Oct 1;22(10):675-679. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz048. PMID: 31504547; PMCID: PMC6822137.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Typical Dosage of Ketamine for OCD?

The dosage of ketamine used to treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is considered subanesthetic, meaning it is significantly lower than the doses used for surgical anesthesia. Dosage can vary based on several factors, including the patient’s individual needs, the route of administration, and the treatment protocol determined by the healthcare provider.

  • Intravenous (IV): A typical starting dose is around 0.5 mg/kg to 1 mg/kg, administered over a 40- to 60-minute infusion. This is the most studied route and often used as a reference for ketamine dosing in mental health treatments.

  • Intranasal: Dosing typically ranges from 28 mg to 84 mg per session, depending on the formulation and patient response. This route offers a needle-free alternative but may require more sessions for similar efficacy.

  • Intramuscular (IM): IM doses vary but are often in a similar range to IV, adjusted for absorption differences. This method offers rapid onset and is commonly used when IV access is not preferred.

  • Oral Microdosing: Microdosing uses daily sublingual doses, generally at the same or possibly higher levels due to lower bioavailability. Dosage is gradually titrated over many days and tailored to the patient. Over time, some patients may develop tolerance, and adjustments may be made as needed.

At AVYIA, your treatment plan is customized based on clinical assessment, and your provider will determine the safest and most effective dosage for your specific case.

What Are the Benefits of Ketamine for OCD?

Ketamine can offer rapid relief for individuals with OCD, especially those who haven’t responded to traditional treatments. It works by modulating glutamate and NMDA receptors in the brain, helping to interrupt obsessive thought loops and reduce compulsive behaviors.

Many patients experience improvement within hours or days, and ketamine may also make it easier to engage in therapy like CBT or ERP. It’s particularly helpful for treatment-resistant OCD, and AVYIA offers multiple administration routes—IV, IM, intranasal, and oral microdosing—to suit individual needs.

Do I Need a Referral?

No, you do not need a referral.

What is the Procedure Like Receiving a Ketamine Treatment?

For most individuals, IV, Intramuscular (IM) or intranasal ketamine is well-tolerated and often described as a calm or even pleasant experience. The psychedelic or dissociative effects are perceived differently by each person—some find them enjoyable or enlightening, while others may find them mildly uncomfortable. Everyone’s experience is unique. Remember, AVYIA’s IV, IM, and intranasal ketamine treatment sessions are fully monitored—not only during administration but also afterward—to ensure patient safety.

Side effects are typically mild and infrequent. The most common is nausea, which can be easily treated with antiemetics (anti-nausea medications) if needed, during or after the session. Transient increases in blood pressure may also occur, but these generally resolve quickly and are not harmful to healthy individuals.

With oral microdosing, we intentionally use low doses that avoid psychedelic or dissociative effects. Side effects in this format are rare and well-tolerated. An AVYIA provider will guide each patient through the titration process(adjusting the dose gradually) and maintain ongoing contact to monitor progress and ensure safety.

For microdosing, we avoid dosages that would cause psychedelic of dissociative effects.  Side effects are also well tolerated and rare.   A provider will teach the patient how to titrate (adjust dosage) and stay in contact with the patients to monitor his/her progress.

Should I Continue Visiting My Psychiatrist or Therapist for My OCD?

Yes, we strongly recommend that you continue working with your mental health provider for ongoing psychotherapy.

Ketamine treatment can be a powerful tool for managing certain mental health conditions, but it is not a replacement for traditional therapies such as psychotherapy or counseling. Your psychiatrist or therapist plays a vital role in providing a comprehensive, long-term approach to your mental health, offering support, guidance, and effective strategies that work in conjunction with ketamine therapy.

Should I Stop Taking My Psychiatric Medications?

No, you should not stop taking your medications unless directed by your doctor.

We encourage patients to continue all prescribed medications unless specifically advised otherwise by their healthcare provider. Abruptly discontinuing mental health medications can lead to serious or harmful effects. It’s important to inform your primary care or mental health provider that you will be starting ketamine treatment, so they can coordinate your care appropriately.

Can Ketamine Cure OCD Permanently?

Ketamine is not considered a permanent cure for OCD, but it can offer significant and rapid symptom relief, especially for individuals with treatment-resistant OCD. Many patients experience a reduction in intrusive thoughts, compulsions, and anxiety shortly after beginning treatment. However, like most psychiatric interventions, the benefits of ketamine may fade over time without ongoing support.

To sustain improvement, booster sessions, lifestyle changes, and continued psychotherapy (such as CBT or ERP) are often recommended. For best results, ketamine should be viewed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, not a standalone solution.

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